Written in Kūfic script and showing signs of regional codices’ orthography, Al-Zurqānī concluded that it was very likely transcribed from one of the master muṣḥafs sent by ʿUthmān to the main cities of the Caliphate, possibly Medina or Damascus. He then goes further to speak about the famed monumental mu ṣḥ af attributed to ʿUthmān at Al-Hussein Mosque (today at the Central Library of Islamic Manuscripts) in Cairo. Therefore, they could not be from the time of ʿUthmān. Yet, he questioned the authenticity of such attributions arguing that early mu ṣḥa fs were free from decorations, akhmās (fifth-verse markers), aʿsh ā r (tenth-verse markers), and fawāti ḥ al-s ū war ( sūrah headings). 1948) discussed some ancient copies of the Qur’ān located at Egyptian libraries and archives which many people attributed to the third caliph, ʿUthmān b.ʿAffān. By then, he was charmed by the existing information on the surviving copies of the Qur’ān, offered by two authors, mainly Muḥammad ʻAbd al-ʻAẓīm al-Zurqānī, one of Al-Azhar’s ʿ ulamāʾ, and Muhammad Hamidullah, the Hyderabadi scholar.Īl-Zurqānī (d. Also, he was among the founders of the Adalet ve Kalkınma, the current ruling party in Turkey.Īltıkulaç’s interest in old manuscripts of the Qur’ān go back to the late 1960s. Yet, his interests were not limited to teaching and scholarship but expanded into political roles as he took over the presidency of the Committees of National Education, Culture, Youth and Sport in the Turkish parliament for two terms, between 19. Consequently, he showed a great respect for Qirā’āt tradition, which led him to edit and publish some classic works of this genre such as al-Murshid al-wajīz by Abū Shāmah al-Maqdisī (Beirut 1975) and Maʻrifat al-qurrāʼ al-kibār by al-Dhahabī (Istanbul 1995, 4-Vols). he was also the first person to record a full recitation of the Qur’ān in Turkey. Speaking of his academic activities, Altıkulaç has played a great role in the formation of Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Center for Islamic Studies (İSAM), TDV Encyclopedia of Islam in which he authored and reviewed more than 1500 entries. Moreover, he held several religious-administrative positions in Turkey, in order: Vice-President of Religious Affairs (1971-1976) General Directorate of Ministry of Religious Education (1976-1977) Member of Ministry of Education Board (1977-1978) and lastly, he served as the President of Religious Affairs until exempted from office, as per his request, in 1986. During this period, Altıkulaç studied Arabic language and literature at the University of Baghdad, preparing his doctoral thesis in tafsīr. Later, he was assigned as a teacher and director to İmam Hatip school besides teaching in Islamic institutions up until 1971. He completed his intermediate and secondary education and graduated from Istanbul High Islamic Institute in 1963. This article is intended to expand Fedeli’s chronology by placing Altıkulaç and his al-muṣḥaf al-sharīf volumes, dedicated to codices attributed to the caliphs ʿUthmān and ʿAlī, into the framework of Qur’ānic manuscript studies.īorn in Devrekani in 1938, Tayyar Altıkulaç learnt Qur’ān by heart at the age of nine. Nevertheless, in her concise chronology, Fedeli does not mention the works of Tayyar Altıkulaç, who is best known for his contributions in reproducing several ancient manuscripts of the Qur’ān ‒ mostly attributed to ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān and ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ‒ in facsimile editions, in collaboration with the Research Centre For Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) in Istanbul. Today ‒ thanks to Alba Fedeli ‒ it has become possible to draw the history of Qur’ānic manuscript studies from 1856 to 1999. Adler, who was fascinated by Kūfic inscriptions, spent time studying early Qur’ānic fragments kept at the Det Kongelige Bibliotek (The Royal Library) in Copenhagen, Denmark. François Déroche identifies the origins of this quest with the Danish theologian and orientalist Jacob Georg Christian Adler (1756-1834). The study of early Qur’ānic manuscripts emerged in academia as early as the late 18 th century. A facsimile edition of the Topkapı muṣḥaf (Photo by Ahmed Shaker, IRCICA Kütüphanesi 2016)
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